THE FIRST/LAST MILE PROBLEM AS KEY FACTOR IN PASSENGER TRANSPORT MODAL CHOICE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46585/pc.2025.1.2566Klíčová slova:
first mile, last mile, access, egress, public transport, intercity transport, transportation hubAbstrakt
The first and last mile leg of a journey presents a challenge for the traveller to get to the transportation hub and continue on the main leg of their journey. The first and last mile can add up to a significant fraction of one’s journey in the matters of duration and also costs of travel. This study demonstrates the problem on a real-life journey, which was tracked and analysed. Then three specific cases of short distance, middle distance and long distance journeys were studied. Journeys were broken down into individual legs and analysed in time and costs aspects. The individual modes are evaluated in total travel costs analysis and present individual options with different approaches to the first and last mile problem. The findings suggest that the fastest option is not always the best in regards to total journey costs. There is a huge difference in car journeys with respects to the amortization of the car and fuel costs only.
Stažení
Reference
Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe, 2024. Subscriptions & Tickets. https://www.bvg.de/en/subscriptions-and-tickets [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Black & White Taxi Olomouc, 2024. Cenník. https://bw-taxi.cz/cenik/ [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Bruzzone, F., Cavallaro, F. & Nocera, S., 2021. The integration of passenger and freight transport for first-last mile operations. Transport Policy, vol. 100, pp.31-48. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0967070X20309082 [Accessed 2023-11-30].
Cambridge Dictionary, 2024. Meaning of the last mile in English. Cambridge Dictionary. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/last-mile [Accessed 2024-01-12].
CB Taxi Ostrava, 2024. CB Taxi Ostrava: Cenník. CB Taxi Ostrava. https://www.cbtaxi-ostrava.cz/cenik [Accessed 2024-01-27].
České dráhy, 2024. České dráhy. https://cd.cz/ [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Dopravní podnik města Olomouce, 2024. Jízdné. Dopravní podnik města Olomouce. https://www.dpmo.cz/informace-pro-cestujici/jizdne/ [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Dopravní podnik Ostrava, 2024. Jednotlivé elektronické jízdenky. Dopravní podnik Ostrava. https://www.dpo.cz/pro-cestujici/jizdne-dp/ceny-jizdenek/jednotlive-elektronicke-jizdenky.html [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Eom, J., Lee, K. & Lee, J., 2023. Exploring micromobility mode preferences for last-mile trips from subway stations. Journal of Public Transportation, vol. 25. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1077291X23000152 [Accessed 2023-11-30].
Fan, A., Chen, X. & Wan, T., 2019. How Have Travelers Changed Mode Choices for First/Last Mile Trips after the Introduction of Bicycle-Sharing Systems: An Empirical Study in Beijing, China. Journal of Advanced Transportation, vol. 2019, pp.1-16. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jat/2019/5426080/ [Accessed 2023-11-30].
FINANCE.cz, 2023. Kalkulačka výše cestovních náhrad 2023. FINANCE.cz. https://www.finance.cz/dane-a-mzda/kalkulacky-a-aplikace/cestovni-nahrady/ [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Ha, J. et al., 2023. Mode choice and the first-/last-mile burden: The moderating effect of street-level walkability. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, vol. 116. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1361920923000433 [Accessed 2023-11-30].
idos.cz, 2024. idos.cz. https://idos.idnes.cz/ [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Kåresdotter, E. et al., 2022. First Mile/Last Mile Problems in Smart and Sustainable Cities: A Case Study in Stockholm County. Journal of Urban Technology, vol. 29(issue 2), pp.115-137. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10630732.2022.2033949 [Accessed 2023-10-04].
Lu, Y. et al., 2024. First and last mile travel mode choice: A systematic review of the empirical literature. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, vol. 18(issue 1), pp.1-14. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15568318.2023.2218285 [Accessed 2024-01-27].
mapy.cz, 2024. Mapy.cz. seznam.cz. mapy.cz [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Merriam Webster Dictionary, 2024. last mile. Merriam Webster Dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/last%20mile [Accessed 2024-01-12].
Moovit, 2024. Moovit. https://moovitapp.com/ [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Neufville, R., 2006. Planning Airport Access in an Era of Low-Cost Airlines. Journal of the American Planning Association, vol. 72(issue 3), pp.347-356. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01944360608976756 [Accessed 2024-07-07].
Nocera, S., Pungillo, G. & Bruzzone, F., 2021. How to evaluate and plan the freight-passengers first-last mile. Transport Policy, (113). https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0967070X19306584?token=A4C9A37944FDAD9E8BD6AB222FDD883F2B8022359BE7C9A55D5FE0E1CB9A38E656C1E93F28086A6FCDD1B6C3D17553A2&originRegion=eu-west-1&originCreation=20230514143851 [Accessed 2023-05-14].
Park, K. et al., 2019. Not Parking Lots but Parks: A Joint Association of Parks and Transit Stations with Travel Behavior. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 16(issue 4). http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/4/547 [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Rail Europe, 2024. Eurostar check-in procedure. Rail Europe. https://help.raileurope.co.uk/article/41769-checking-in-for-eurostar [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Rojas, L., 2017. ASSESSING THE FIRST AND LAST MILE PROBLEM IN INTERCITY PASSENGER RAIL: EFFECTS ON MODE CHOICE AND TRIP FREQUENCY. Thesis. Indiana.
Rome2Rio, 2024. Rome2Rio. https://www.rome2rio.com/ [Accessed 2024-01-27].
RTM, 2024. RTM. https://www.rtm.fr/ [Accessed 2024-01-27].
SNCF, 2024. SNCF. https://www.sncf.com/fr [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Stam, B. et al., 2021. Travellers’ preferences towards existing and emerging means of first/last mile transport: a case study for the Almere centrum railway station in the Netherlands. European Transport Research Review, vol. 13(issue 1). https://etrr.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12544-021-00514-1 [Accessed 2023-11-30].
Škoda auto, 2024. Srovnání motorů. Škoda auto. https://www.skoda-auto.cz/modely/octavia/octavia-combi/octavia-combi-motory-prehled [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Taxi Aix, 2024. Taxi Aix Reserver. Taxi Aix. https://www.taxiaix.fr/reserver.html [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Transport for London, 2024. Transport for London. https://tfl.gov.uk/ [Accessed 2024-01-27].
Transportation Reearch Board, 2008. Airport Ground Access Mode Choice Models.
Venter, C., 2020. Measuring the quality of the first/last mile connection to public transport. Research in Transportation Economics, vol. 83. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0739885920301475 [Accessed 2023-11-30].
Widiastuti, N. & Irawan, M., 2024. Ride-Hailing Preferences for First- and Last-Mile Connectivity at Intercity Transit Hubs. Sustainability, vol. 16(issue 7). https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/7/2927 [Accessed 2024-07-07].
Stahování
Publikováno
Jak citovat
Číslo
Sekce
Licence
Copyright (c) 2025 Martin Václavík, Ivana Olivková
Tato práce je licencována pod Mezinárodní licencí Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 .
Přijat 2024-11-06
Publikován 2025-05-08
