INVESTIGATION OF THE CRACK DRIVING FORCE IN WHEEL-RAIL CONTACT
Klíčová slova:
wheel-rail contact, crack, crack driving force, finite element modelAbstrakt
This paper investigates the crack driving force in the wheel-rail contact using a finite element model. The presented work determines significant model variables such as an effect of the loading type, friction coefficients, cyclic plasticity and the number of the integration contour on the crack driving force and lays the foundation for the further development of the model and computational schemes.
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Reference
(1) Huang, Y. B.; Shi, L. B.; Zhao, X. J.; Cai, Z. B.; Liu, Q. Y.; Wang, W. J. On the formation and damage mechanism of rolling contact fatigue surface cracks of wheel/rail under the dry condition. Wear 2018, 400-401, 62-73, ISSN 0043-1648.
(2) Jun, H.-K.; Lee, D.-H.; Kim, D.-S. Calculation of minimum crack size for growth under rolling contact between wheel and rail. Wear 2015, 344-345, 46-57, ISSN 0043-1648.
(3) Daves, W.; Kráčalı́k, M. Cracks Loaded by Rolling Contact - Influence of Plasticity around Crack. Materials Structure & Micromechanics of Fracture VIII, Jan 2017; pp 221-224, ISSN 1662-9779
(4) Daves, W.; Kubin, W.; Scheriau, S.; Pletz, M. A finite element model to simulate the physical mechanisms of wear and crack initiation in wheel/rail contact. Wear 2016, 366-367, 78-83, Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, CM2015, August 2015, ISSN 0043-1648.
(5) Kubin, W. K.; Pletz, M.; Daves, W.; Scheriau, S. A new roughness parameter to evaluate the near-surface deformation in dry rolling/sliding contact. Tribology International 2013, 67, 132-139, ISSN 0301-679X.
(6) Caprioli, S. Short rolling contact fatigue and thermal cracks under frictional rolling – A
comparison through simulations. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2015, 141, 260-273, ISSN 0013-7944.
(7) Walia, M. S.; Esmaeili, A.; Vernersson, T.; Lundén, R. Thermomechanical capacity of wheel treads at stop braking: A parametric study. International Journal of Fatigue 2018, 113, 407-415, ISSN 0142-1123.
(8) Hardwick, C.; Lewis, R.; Eadie, D. T. Wheel and rail wear—Understanding the effects of water and grease. Wear 2014, 314, 198-204, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648. Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(9) Wang, W. J.; Lewis, R.; Yang, B.; Guo, L. C.; Liu, Q. Y.; Zhu, M. H. Wear and damage transitions of wheel and rail materials under various contact conditions. Wear 2016, 362-363, 146-152, ISSN 0043-1648.
(10) Vo, K. D.; Zhu, H. T.; Tieu, A. K.; Kosasih, P. B. Comparisons of stress, heat and wear generated by AC versus DC locomotives under diverse operational conditions. Wear 2015, 328-329, 186-196, ISSN 0043-1648.
(11) Fletcher, D. I. Numerical simulation of near surface rail cracks subject to thermal contact stress. Wear 2014, 314, 96-103, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(12) Cannon, D. F.; Pradier, H. Rail rolling contact fatigue Research by the European Rail Research Institute. Wear 1996, 191, 1-13, 4th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail-Wheel Systems, ISSN 0043-1648.
(13) Bogdanski, S.; Olzak, M.; Stupnicki, J. Numerical stress analysis of rail rolling contact fatigue cracks. Wear 1996, 191, 14-24, 4th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail-Wheel Systems, ISSN 0043-1648.
(14) Seo, J.; Kwon, S.; Jun, H.; Lee, D. Fatigue crack growth behavior of surface crack in rails. Procedia Engineering 2010, 2, 865-872, ISSN 1877-7058.
(15) Seo, J.-W.; Kwon, S.-J.; Lee, D.-H.; Choi, H.-Y. Analysis of contact fatigue crack growth using twin-disc tests and numerical evaluations. International Journal of Fatigue 2013, 55, 54-63, ISSN 0142-1123.
(16) Benuzzi, D.; Bormetti, E.; Donzella, G. Stress intensity factor range and propagation mode of surface cracks under rolling–sliding contact. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 2003, 40, 55-74, ISSN 0167-8442.
(17) Brouzoulis, J. Wear impact on rolling contact fatigue crack growth in rails. Wear 2014, 314, 13-19, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(18) Brouzoulis, J.; Ekh, M. Crack propagation in rails under rolling contact fatigue loading conditions based on material forces. International Journal of Fatigue 2012, 45, 98-105, ISSN 0142-1123.
(19) Larijani, N.; Brouzoulis, J.; Schilke, M.; Ekh, M. The effect of anisotropy on crack propagation in pearlitic rail steel. Wear 2014, 314, 57-68, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(20) Fischer, F. D.; Daves, W.; Pippan, R.; Pointner, P. Some comments on surface cracks in rails. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 2006, 29, 938-948, ISSN 1460-2695.
(21) Trollé, B.; Baietto, M.-C.; Gravouil, A.; Mai, S. H.; Prabel, B. 2D fatigue crack propagation in rails taking into account actual plastic stresses. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2014, 123, 163-181, Multiaxial Fracture 2013, ISSN 0013-7944.
(22) Pletz, M.; Daves, W.; Yao, W.; Kubin, W.; Scheriau, S. Multi-scale finite element modeling to describe rolling contact fatigue in a wheel–rail test rig. Tribology International 2014, 80, 147-155, ISSN 0301-679X.
(23) Pletz, M.; Daves, W.; Yao, W.; Ossberger, H. Rolling contact fatigue of three crossing nose materials—Multiscale FE approach. Wear 2014, 314, 69-77, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(24) Kráčalík, M.; Trummer, G.; Daves, W. Application of 2D finite element analysis to compare cracking behaviour in twin-disc tests and full scale wheel/rail experiments. Wear 2016, 346-347, 140-147, ISSN 0043-1648.
(25) Daves, W.; Kráčalík, M.; Scheriau, S. Analysis of crack growth under rolling-sliding contact. International Journal of Fatigue 2019, 121, 63-72, ISSN 0142-1123.
(26) Bogdański, S.; Brown, M. W. Modelling the three-dimensional behaviour of shallow rolling contact fatigue cracks in rails. Wear 2002, 253, 17-25, CM2000 S.I., ISSN 0043-1648.
(27) Mai, S. H.; Gravouil, A.; Nguyen-Tajan, M. L.; Trollé, B. Numerical simulation of rolling contact fatigue crack growth in rails with the rail bending and the frictional contact. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2017, 174, 196-206, Special Issue on Multiaxial Fracture 2016, ISSN 0013-7944.
(28) Nejad, R. M.; Shariati, M.; Farhangdoost, K. Effect of wear on rolling contact fatigue crack growth in rails. Tribology International 2016, 94, 118-125, ISSN 0301-679X.
(29) Kráčalík, M.; Daves, W.; Antretter, T. Calculation of crack driving forces of surface cracks subjected to rolling/sliding contact. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2016, 152, 10-25, ISSN 0013-7944.
(30) Kráčalík, M. Influence of the vehicle-track parameters on the crack growth in rails; Ph.D. dissertation; Montauniversität Leoben, 2015.
(31) Ochensberger, W.; Kolednik, O. Physically appropriate characterization of fatigue crack propagation rate in elastic-plastic materials using the J-integral concept. International Journal of Fracture 2015, 192, 25-45, ISSN: 1573-2673.
(32) Simha, N. K.; Fischer, F. D.; Shan, G. X.; Chen, C. R.; Kolednik, O. J-integral and crack driving force in elastic–plastic materials. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 2008, 56, 2876-2895, ISSN: 0022-5096.
(33) Kolednik, O.; Predan, J.; Fischer, F. D. Reprint of “Cracks in inhomogeneous materials: Comprehensive assessment using the configurational forces concept”. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2010, 77, 3611-3624, Computational Mechanics in Fracture and Damage: A
Special Issue in Honor of Prof. Gross., ISSN 0013-7944.
(34) Kolednik, O.; Schöngrundner, R.; Fischer, F. D. A new view on J-integrals in elasticplastic materials. International Journal of Fracture 2014, 187, 77-107, ISSN 1573-2673.
(35) Mueller, R.; Kolling, S.; Gross, D. On configurational forces in the context of the finite element method. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 2002, 53, 1557-1574 ISSN 1097-0207.
(36) Mueller, R.; Gross, D.; Maugin, G. A. Use of material forces in adaptive finite element methods. Computational Mechanics 2004, 33, 421-434, ISSN 0178-7675.
(37) Rice, J. R. A Path Independent Integral and the Approximate Analysis of Strain Concentration by Notches and Cracks. Journal of Applied Mechanics 1968, 35, 379-385, ISSN 0021-8936.
(38) Ochensberger, W.; Kolednik, O. A new basis for the application of the J-integral for cyclically loaded cracks in elastic-plastic materials. International Journal of Fracture 2014, 189, 77-101, ISSN 1573-2673.
(2) Jun, H.-K.; Lee, D.-H.; Kim, D.-S. Calculation of minimum crack size for growth under rolling contact between wheel and rail. Wear 2015, 344-345, 46-57, ISSN 0043-1648.
(3) Daves, W.; Kráčalı́k, M. Cracks Loaded by Rolling Contact - Influence of Plasticity around Crack. Materials Structure & Micromechanics of Fracture VIII, Jan 2017; pp 221-224, ISSN 1662-9779
(4) Daves, W.; Kubin, W.; Scheriau, S.; Pletz, M. A finite element model to simulate the physical mechanisms of wear and crack initiation in wheel/rail contact. Wear 2016, 366-367, 78-83, Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, CM2015, August 2015, ISSN 0043-1648.
(5) Kubin, W. K.; Pletz, M.; Daves, W.; Scheriau, S. A new roughness parameter to evaluate the near-surface deformation in dry rolling/sliding contact. Tribology International 2013, 67, 132-139, ISSN 0301-679X.
(6) Caprioli, S. Short rolling contact fatigue and thermal cracks under frictional rolling – A
comparison through simulations. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2015, 141, 260-273, ISSN 0013-7944.
(7) Walia, M. S.; Esmaeili, A.; Vernersson, T.; Lundén, R. Thermomechanical capacity of wheel treads at stop braking: A parametric study. International Journal of Fatigue 2018, 113, 407-415, ISSN 0142-1123.
(8) Hardwick, C.; Lewis, R.; Eadie, D. T. Wheel and rail wear—Understanding the effects of water and grease. Wear 2014, 314, 198-204, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648. Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(9) Wang, W. J.; Lewis, R.; Yang, B.; Guo, L. C.; Liu, Q. Y.; Zhu, M. H. Wear and damage transitions of wheel and rail materials under various contact conditions. Wear 2016, 362-363, 146-152, ISSN 0043-1648.
(10) Vo, K. D.; Zhu, H. T.; Tieu, A. K.; Kosasih, P. B. Comparisons of stress, heat and wear generated by AC versus DC locomotives under diverse operational conditions. Wear 2015, 328-329, 186-196, ISSN 0043-1648.
(11) Fletcher, D. I. Numerical simulation of near surface rail cracks subject to thermal contact stress. Wear 2014, 314, 96-103, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(12) Cannon, D. F.; Pradier, H. Rail rolling contact fatigue Research by the European Rail Research Institute. Wear 1996, 191, 1-13, 4th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail-Wheel Systems, ISSN 0043-1648.
(13) Bogdanski, S.; Olzak, M.; Stupnicki, J. Numerical stress analysis of rail rolling contact fatigue cracks. Wear 1996, 191, 14-24, 4th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail-Wheel Systems, ISSN 0043-1648.
(14) Seo, J.; Kwon, S.; Jun, H.; Lee, D. Fatigue crack growth behavior of surface crack in rails. Procedia Engineering 2010, 2, 865-872, ISSN 1877-7058.
(15) Seo, J.-W.; Kwon, S.-J.; Lee, D.-H.; Choi, H.-Y. Analysis of contact fatigue crack growth using twin-disc tests and numerical evaluations. International Journal of Fatigue 2013, 55, 54-63, ISSN 0142-1123.
(16) Benuzzi, D.; Bormetti, E.; Donzella, G. Stress intensity factor range and propagation mode of surface cracks under rolling–sliding contact. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 2003, 40, 55-74, ISSN 0167-8442.
(17) Brouzoulis, J. Wear impact on rolling contact fatigue crack growth in rails. Wear 2014, 314, 13-19, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(18) Brouzoulis, J.; Ekh, M. Crack propagation in rails under rolling contact fatigue loading conditions based on material forces. International Journal of Fatigue 2012, 45, 98-105, ISSN 0142-1123.
(19) Larijani, N.; Brouzoulis, J.; Schilke, M.; Ekh, M. The effect of anisotropy on crack propagation in pearlitic rail steel. Wear 2014, 314, 57-68, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(20) Fischer, F. D.; Daves, W.; Pippan, R.; Pointner, P. Some comments on surface cracks in rails. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 2006, 29, 938-948, ISSN 1460-2695.
(21) Trollé, B.; Baietto, M.-C.; Gravouil, A.; Mai, S. H.; Prabel, B. 2D fatigue crack propagation in rails taking into account actual plastic stresses. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2014, 123, 163-181, Multiaxial Fracture 2013, ISSN 0013-7944.
(22) Pletz, M.; Daves, W.; Yao, W.; Kubin, W.; Scheriau, S. Multi-scale finite element modeling to describe rolling contact fatigue in a wheel–rail test rig. Tribology International 2014, 80, 147-155, ISSN 0301-679X.
(23) Pletz, M.; Daves, W.; Yao, W.; Ossberger, H. Rolling contact fatigue of three crossing nose materials—Multiscale FE approach. Wear 2014, 314, 69-77, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail / Wheel Systems, Chengdu, 2012, ISSN 0043-1648.
(24) Kráčalík, M.; Trummer, G.; Daves, W. Application of 2D finite element analysis to compare cracking behaviour in twin-disc tests and full scale wheel/rail experiments. Wear 2016, 346-347, 140-147, ISSN 0043-1648.
(25) Daves, W.; Kráčalík, M.; Scheriau, S. Analysis of crack growth under rolling-sliding contact. International Journal of Fatigue 2019, 121, 63-72, ISSN 0142-1123.
(26) Bogdański, S.; Brown, M. W. Modelling the three-dimensional behaviour of shallow rolling contact fatigue cracks in rails. Wear 2002, 253, 17-25, CM2000 S.I., ISSN 0043-1648.
(27) Mai, S. H.; Gravouil, A.; Nguyen-Tajan, M. L.; Trollé, B. Numerical simulation of rolling contact fatigue crack growth in rails with the rail bending and the frictional contact. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2017, 174, 196-206, Special Issue on Multiaxial Fracture 2016, ISSN 0013-7944.
(28) Nejad, R. M.; Shariati, M.; Farhangdoost, K. Effect of wear on rolling contact fatigue crack growth in rails. Tribology International 2016, 94, 118-125, ISSN 0301-679X.
(29) Kráčalík, M.; Daves, W.; Antretter, T. Calculation of crack driving forces of surface cracks subjected to rolling/sliding contact. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2016, 152, 10-25, ISSN 0013-7944.
(30) Kráčalík, M. Influence of the vehicle-track parameters on the crack growth in rails; Ph.D. dissertation; Montauniversität Leoben, 2015.
(31) Ochensberger, W.; Kolednik, O. Physically appropriate characterization of fatigue crack propagation rate in elastic-plastic materials using the J-integral concept. International Journal of Fracture 2015, 192, 25-45, ISSN: 1573-2673.
(32) Simha, N. K.; Fischer, F. D.; Shan, G. X.; Chen, C. R.; Kolednik, O. J-integral and crack driving force in elastic–plastic materials. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 2008, 56, 2876-2895, ISSN: 0022-5096.
(33) Kolednik, O.; Predan, J.; Fischer, F. D. Reprint of “Cracks in inhomogeneous materials: Comprehensive assessment using the configurational forces concept”. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2010, 77, 3611-3624, Computational Mechanics in Fracture and Damage: A
Special Issue in Honor of Prof. Gross., ISSN 0013-7944.
(34) Kolednik, O.; Schöngrundner, R.; Fischer, F. D. A new view on J-integrals in elasticplastic materials. International Journal of Fracture 2014, 187, 77-107, ISSN 1573-2673.
(35) Mueller, R.; Kolling, S.; Gross, D. On configurational forces in the context of the finite element method. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 2002, 53, 1557-1574 ISSN 1097-0207.
(36) Mueller, R.; Gross, D.; Maugin, G. A. Use of material forces in adaptive finite element methods. Computational Mechanics 2004, 33, 421-434, ISSN 0178-7675.
(37) Rice, J. R. A Path Independent Integral and the Approximate Analysis of Strain Concentration by Notches and Cracks. Journal of Applied Mechanics 1968, 35, 379-385, ISSN 0021-8936.
(38) Ochensberger, W.; Kolednik, O. A new basis for the application of the J-integral for cyclically loaded cracks in elastic-plastic materials. International Journal of Fracture 2014, 189, 77-101, ISSN 1573-2673.
Stahování
Publikováno
2019-07-19
Jak citovat
Kráčalík, M. (2019). INVESTIGATION OF THE CRACK DRIVING FORCE IN WHEEL-RAIL CONTACT. Perner’s Contacts, 14(2), 4–21. Získáno z https://pernerscontacts.upce.cz/index.php/perner/article/view/414
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Copyright (c) 2020 Michal Kráčalík
Tato práce je licencována pod Mezinárodní licencí Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 .
